diff --git a/modules/core/vehicle-identity/src/main/java/com/lingniu/ingest/identity/config/VehicleIdentityAutoConfiguration.java b/modules/core/vehicle-identity/src/main/java/com/lingniu/ingest/identity/config/VehicleIdentityAutoConfiguration.java
index 59257be4..a9521b2a 100644
--- a/modules/core/vehicle-identity/src/main/java/com/lingniu/ingest/identity/config/VehicleIdentityAutoConfiguration.java
+++ b/modules/core/vehicle-identity/src/main/java/com/lingniu/ingest/identity/config/VehicleIdentityAutoConfiguration.java
@@ -23,6 +23,18 @@ public class VehicleIdentityAutoConfiguration {
         return new ObjectMapper();
     }
 
+    @Bean
+    @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "lingniu.ingest.identity", name = "store", havingValue = "file")
+    public Object rejectedLegacyFileIdentityStore() {
+        throw new IllegalStateException("identity.store=file has been removed; configure identity.store=mysql");
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "lingniu.ingest.identity", name = "store", havingValue = "sqlite")
+    public Object rejectedLegacySqliteIdentityStore() {
+        throw new IllegalStateException("identity.store=sqlite has been removed; configure identity.store=mysql");
+    }
+
     @Bean
     @ConditionalOnMissingBean({VehicleIdentityResolver.class, VehicleIdentityRegistry.class})
     @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "lingniu.ingest.identity", name = "store", havingValue = "mysql",
diff --git a/modules/core/vehicle-identity/src/test/java/com/lingniu/ingest/identity/config/VehicleIdentityAutoConfigurationTest.java b/modules/core/vehicle-identity/src/test/java/com/lingniu/ingest/identity/config/VehicleIdentityAutoConfigurationTest.java
index 79bfe1f1..a2b04703 100644
--- a/modules/core/vehicle-identity/src/test/java/com/lingniu/ingest/identity/config/VehicleIdentityAutoConfigurationTest.java
+++ b/modules/core/vehicle-identity/src/test/java/com/lingniu/ingest/identity/config/VehicleIdentityAutoConfigurationTest.java
@@ -51,12 +51,22 @@ class VehicleIdentityAutoConfigurationTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    void unsupportedStoreModeDoesNotCreateRuntimeFallback() {
+    void rejectsLegacyFileStoreMode() {
         runner
                 .withPropertyValues("lingniu.ingest.identity.store=file")
-                .run(context -> {
-                    assertThat(context).doesNotHaveBean(VehicleIdentityResolver.class);
-                    assertThat(context).doesNotHaveBean(VehicleIdentityRegistry.class);
-                });
+                .run(context -> assertThat(context.getStartupFailure())
+                        .hasRootCauseInstanceOf(IllegalStateException.class)
+                        .hasMessageContaining("identity.store=file has been removed")
+                        .hasMessageContaining("identity.store=mysql"));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void rejectsLegacySqliteStoreMode() {
+        runner
+                .withPropertyValues("lingniu.ingest.identity.store=sqlite")
+                .run(context -> assertThat(context.getStartupFailure())
+                        .hasRootCauseInstanceOf(IllegalStateException.class)
+                        .hasMessageContaining("identity.store=sqlite has been removed")
+                        .hasMessageContaining("identity.store=mysql"));
     }
 }