diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/handler.go b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/handler.go
index 47613a3c..2d17c41f 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/handler.go
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/handler.go
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ func traceID(r *http.Request) string {
 
 func splitCSV(value string) []string {
 	if strings.TrimSpace(value) == "" {
-		return nil
+		return []string{}
 	}
 	parts := strings.Split(value, ",")
 	out := make([]string, 0, len(parts))
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/handler_test.go b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/handler_test.go
index d97699fc..8fffa94c 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/handler_test.go
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/handler_test.go
@@ -131,6 +131,16 @@ func TestHandlerVehicleCoverageSummary(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestSplitCSVEmptyReturnsEmptySlice(t *testing.T) {
+	values := splitCSV("")
+	if values == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("empty CSV should encode as [] instead of JSON null")
+	}
+	if len(values) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("empty CSV should have no values, got %#v", values)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestHandlerVehicleDetail(t *testing.T) {
 	handler := NewHandler(NewService(NewMockStore()))
 	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/mock_store.go b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/mock_store.go
index 514f5093..6c318eb1 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/mock_store.go
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/mock_store.go
@@ -160,6 +160,9 @@ func (m *MockStore) VehicleCoverageSummary(ctx context.Context, query url.Values
 		if row.SourceCount > 1 {
 			summary.MultiSourceVehicles++
 		}
+		if row.SourceCount == 0 {
+			summary.NoDataVehicles++
+		}
 		if row.BindingStatus != "bound" {
 			summary.UnboundVehicles++
 		}
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/model.go b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/model.go
index 84882b87..7a11303a 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/model.go
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/model.go
@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ type VehicleCoverageSummary struct {
 	OnlineVehicles       int `json:"onlineVehicles"`
 	SingleSourceVehicles int `json:"singleSourceVehicles"`
 	MultiSourceVehicles  int `json:"multiSourceVehicles"`
+	NoDataVehicles       int `json:"noDataVehicles"`
 	UnboundVehicles      int `json:"unboundVehicles"`
 }
 
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/mysql_queries.go b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/mysql_queries.go
index 07b48a24..f229a614 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/mysql_queries.go
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/mysql_queries.go
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@ func buildVehicleCoverageSQL(query url.Values) SQLQuery {
 	limit := parsePositive(query.Get("limit"), 20)
 	offset := parsePositive(query.Get("offset"), 0)
 	args := []any{}
-	where := []string{"s.vin IS NOT NULL", "s.vin <> ''"}
+	where := []string{"v.vin IS NOT NULL", "v.vin <> ''"}
 	having := []string{}
 	if keyword := strings.TrimSpace(query.Get("keyword")); keyword != "" {
-		where = append(where, "(s.vin LIKE ? OR s.plate LIKE ? OR b.vin LIKE ? OR b.plate LIKE ? OR b.phone LIKE ? OR b.oem LIKE ?)")
+		where = append(where, "(v.vin LIKE ? OR s.plate LIKE ? OR b.vin LIKE ? OR b.plate LIKE ? OR b.phone LIKE ? OR b.oem LIKE ?)")
 		like := "%" + keyword + "%"
 		args = append(args, like, like, like, like, like, like)
 	}
@@ -99,6 +99,9 @@ func buildVehicleCoverageSQL(query url.Values) SQLQuery {
 	switch strings.TrimSpace(query.Get("serviceStatus")) {
 	case "identity_required":
 		having = append(having, "MAX(CASE WHEN b.vin IS NOT NULL AND b.vin <> '' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) = 0")
+	case "no_data":
+		having = append(having, "MAX(CASE WHEN b.vin IS NOT NULL AND b.vin <> '' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) = 1")
+		having = append(having, "COUNT(DISTINCT s.protocol) = 0")
 	case "offline":
 		having = append(having, "MAX(CASE WHEN b.vin IS NOT NULL AND b.vin <> '' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) = 1")
 		having = append(having, "COUNT(DISTINCT s.protocol) > 0")
@@ -119,13 +122,16 @@ func buildVehicleCoverageSQL(query url.Values) SQLQuery {
 	if len(having) > 0 {
 		havingSQL = ` HAVING ` + strings.Join(having, " AND ") + ` `
 	}
-	groupSQL := `FROM vehicle_realtime_snapshot s ` +
-		`LEFT JOIN vehicle_identity_binding b ON b.vin = s.vin ` +
+	vehicleSetSQL := `SELECT vin FROM vehicle_identity_binding WHERE vin IS NOT NULL AND vin <> '' ` +
+		`UNION SELECT vin FROM vehicle_realtime_snapshot WHERE vin IS NOT NULL AND vin <> ''`
+	groupSQL := `FROM (` + vehicleSetSQL + `) v ` +
+		`LEFT JOIN vehicle_identity_binding b ON b.vin = v.vin ` +
+		`LEFT JOIN vehicle_realtime_snapshot s ON s.vin = v.vin ` +
 		`WHERE ` + strings.Join(where, " AND ") + ` ` +
-		`GROUP BY s.vin, b.plate, b.phone, b.oem, b.vin ` +
+		`GROUP BY v.vin, b.plate, b.phone, b.oem, b.vin ` +
 		havingSQL
 	return SQLQuery{
-		Text: `SELECT s.vin, ` +
+		Text: `SELECT v.vin, ` +
 			`COALESCE(NULLIF(MAX(NULLIF(s.plate, '')), ''), b.plate, '') AS plate, ` +
 			`COALESCE(b.phone, '') AS phone, COALESCE(b.oem, '') AS oem, ` +
 			`COALESCE(GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT s.protocol ORDER BY s.protocol SEPARATOR ','), '') AS protocols, ` +
@@ -135,19 +141,19 @@ func buildVehicleCoverageSQL(query url.Values) SQLQuery {
 			`COALESCE(DATE_FORMAT(MAX(s.updated_at), '%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s'), '') AS last_seen, ` +
 			`CASE WHEN b.vin IS NOT NULL AND b.vin <> '' THEN 'bound' ELSE 'unbound' END AS binding_status ` +
 			groupSQL +
-			`ORDER BY MAX(s.updated_at) DESC, s.vin ASC LIMIT ? OFFSET ?`,
+			`ORDER BY MAX(s.updated_at) DESC, v.vin ASC LIMIT ? OFFSET ?`,
 		Args:      args,
-		CountText: `SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT s.vin ` + groupSQL + `) vehicle_coverage_count`,
+		CountText: `SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (SELECT v.vin ` + groupSQL + `) vehicle_coverage_count`,
 		CountArgs: countArgs,
 	}
 }
 
 func buildVehicleCoverageSummarySQL(query url.Values) SQLQuery {
 	args := []any{}
-	where := []string{"s.vin IS NOT NULL", "s.vin <> ''"}
+	where := []string{"v.vin IS NOT NULL", "v.vin <> ''"}
 	having := []string{}
 	if keyword := strings.TrimSpace(query.Get("keyword")); keyword != "" {
-		where = append(where, "(s.vin LIKE ? OR s.plate LIKE ? OR b.vin LIKE ? OR b.plate LIKE ? OR b.phone LIKE ? OR b.oem LIKE ?)")
+		where = append(where, "(v.vin LIKE ? OR s.plate LIKE ? OR b.vin LIKE ? OR b.plate LIKE ? OR b.phone LIKE ? OR b.oem LIKE ?)")
 		like := "%" + keyword + "%"
 		args = append(args, like, like, like, like, like, like)
 	}
@@ -176,6 +182,9 @@ func buildVehicleCoverageSummarySQL(query url.Values) SQLQuery {
 	switch strings.TrimSpace(query.Get("serviceStatus")) {
 	case "identity_required":
 		having = append(having, "MAX(CASE WHEN b.vin IS NOT NULL AND b.vin <> '' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) = 0")
+	case "no_data":
+		having = append(having, "MAX(CASE WHEN b.vin IS NOT NULL AND b.vin <> '' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) = 1")
+		having = append(having, "COUNT(DISTINCT s.protocol) = 0")
 	case "offline":
 		having = append(having, "MAX(CASE WHEN b.vin IS NOT NULL AND b.vin <> '' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) = 1")
 		having = append(having, "COUNT(DISTINCT s.protocol) > 0")
@@ -194,19 +203,23 @@ func buildVehicleCoverageSummarySQL(query url.Values) SQLQuery {
 	if len(having) > 0 {
 		havingSQL = ` HAVING ` + strings.Join(having, " AND ") + ` `
 	}
-	groupSQL := `SELECT s.vin, ` +
+	vehicleSetSQL := `SELECT vin FROM vehicle_identity_binding WHERE vin IS NOT NULL AND vin <> '' ` +
+		`UNION SELECT vin FROM vehicle_realtime_snapshot WHERE vin IS NOT NULL AND vin <> ''`
+	groupSQL := `SELECT v.vin, ` +
 		`COUNT(DISTINCT s.protocol) AS source_count, ` +
 		`COUNT(DISTINCT CASE WHEN s.updated_at >= DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL 1 MINUTE) THEN s.protocol END) AS online_source_count, ` +
 		`MAX(CASE WHEN b.vin IS NOT NULL AND b.vin <> '' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS bound ` +
-		`FROM vehicle_realtime_snapshot s ` +
-		`LEFT JOIN vehicle_identity_binding b ON b.vin = s.vin ` +
+		`FROM (` + vehicleSetSQL + `) v ` +
+		`LEFT JOIN vehicle_identity_binding b ON b.vin = v.vin ` +
+		`LEFT JOIN vehicle_realtime_snapshot s ON s.vin = v.vin ` +
 		`WHERE ` + strings.Join(where, " AND ") + ` ` +
-		`GROUP BY s.vin ` + havingSQL
+		`GROUP BY v.vin ` + havingSQL
 	return SQLQuery{
 		Text: `SELECT COUNT(*) AS total_vehicles, ` +
 			`COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN online_source_count > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0) AS online_vehicles, ` +
 			`COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN source_count = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0) AS single_source_vehicles, ` +
 			`COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN source_count > 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0) AS multi_source_vehicles, ` +
+			`COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN source_count = 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0) AS no_data_vehicles, ` +
 			`COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN bound = 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0) AS unbound_vehicles ` +
 			`FROM (` + groupSQL + `) vehicle_coverage_summary`,
 		Args: args,
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/production_store.go b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/production_store.go
index 0376762d..588110fa 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/production_store.go
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/production_store.go
@@ -264,6 +264,7 @@ func (s *ProductionStore) VehicleCoverageSummary(ctx context.Context, query url.
 		&summary.OnlineVehicles,
 		&summary.SingleSourceVehicles,
 		&summary.MultiSourceVehicles,
+		&summary.NoDataVehicles,
 		&summary.UnboundVehicles,
 	); err != nil {
 		return VehicleCoverageSummary{}, err
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/query_builders_test.go b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/query_builders_test.go
index cfec833b..b9f548c4 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/query_builders_test.go
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/api/internal/platform/query_builders_test.go
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func TestBuildVehicleListSQLFiltersServiceStatus(t *testing.T) {
 func TestBuildVehicleCoverageSQL(t *testing.T) {
 	query := url.Values{"keyword": {"粤A"}, "protocol": {"GB32960"}, "coverage": {"multi"}, "online": {"online"}, "bindingStatus": {"bound"}, "limit": {"8"}, "offset": {"16"}}
 	built := buildVehicleCoverageSQL(query)
-	for _, want := range []string{"GROUP BY s.vin", "HAVING", "GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT s.protocol", "source_count", "online_source_count", "ORDER BY MAX(s.updated_at) DESC, s.vin ASC"} {
+	for _, want := range []string{"GROUP BY v.vin", "HAVING", "GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT s.protocol", "source_count", "online_source_count", "ORDER BY MAX(s.updated_at) DESC, v.vin ASC"} {
 		if !strings.Contains(built.Text, want) {
 			t.Fatalf("SQL missing %q: %s", want, built.Text)
 		}
@@ -83,6 +83,23 @@ func TestBuildVehicleCoverageSQLFiltersServiceStatus(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestBuildVehicleCoverageSQLIncludesNoDataVehicles(t *testing.T) {
+	query := url.Values{"serviceStatus": {"no_data"}, "limit": {"8"}}
+	built := buildVehicleCoverageSQL(query)
+	for _, want := range []string{
+		"vehicle_identity_binding",
+		"UNION",
+		"vehicle_realtime_snapshot",
+		"LEFT JOIN vehicle_realtime_snapshot s ON s.vin = v.vin",
+		"COUNT(DISTINCT s.protocol) = 0",
+		"MAX(CASE WHEN b.vin IS NOT NULL AND b.vin <> '' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) = 1",
+	} {
+		if !strings.Contains(built.Text+built.CountText, want) {
+			t.Fatalf("no-data coverage SQL missing %q: %s / %s", want, built.Text, built.CountText)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func TestBuildVehicleCoverageSummarySQL(t *testing.T) {
 	query := url.Values{"keyword": {"粤A"}, "coverage": {"multi"}, "online": {"online"}, "bindingStatus": {"bound"}, "serviceStatus": {"healthy"}}
 	built := buildVehicleCoverageSummarySQL(query)
@@ -92,6 +109,7 @@ func TestBuildVehicleCoverageSummarySQL(t *testing.T) {
 		"vehicle_coverage_summary",
 		"SUM(CASE WHEN online_source_count > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)",
 		"SUM(CASE WHEN source_count > 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)",
+		"SUM(CASE WHEN source_count = 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)",
 		"HAVING",
 		"COUNT(DISTINCT s.protocol) > 1",
 	} {
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/api/types.ts b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/api/types.ts
index 06035eae..c9269c3f 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/api/types.ts
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/api/types.ts
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ export interface VehicleCoverageSummary {
   onlineVehicles: number;
   singleSourceVehicles: number;
   multiSourceVehicles: number;
+  noDataVehicles: number;
   unboundVehicles: number;
 }
 
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/pages/Dashboard.tsx b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/pages/Dashboard.tsx
index 5a83147a..57acc58d 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/pages/Dashboard.tsx
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/pages/Dashboard.tsx
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ const serviceStatusColor: Record<string, 'green' | 'orange' | 'red' | 'grey'> =
   healthy: 'green',
   degraded: 'orange',
   offline: 'red',
+  no_data: 'orange',
   identity_required: 'orange'
 };
 
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ const serviceStatusTitle: Record<string, string> = {
   healthy: '服务正常',
   degraded: '部分来源离线',
   offline: '车辆离线',
+  no_data: '暂无数据来源',
   identity_required: '身份未绑定'
 };
 
@@ -104,6 +106,7 @@ export function Dashboard({ onOpenVehicle, onOpenQuality, onOpenVehicles }: { on
     { label: '在线车辆', value: formatCount(serviceSummary?.onlineVehicles ?? summary?.onlineVehicles), filters: { online: 'online' } },
     { label: '单源车辆', value: formatCount(serviceSummary?.singleSourceVehicles), filters: { coverage: 'single' } },
     { label: '多源车辆', value: formatCount(serviceSummary?.multiSourceVehicles), filters: { coverage: 'multi' } },
+    { label: '暂无来源车辆', value: formatCount(serviceSummary?.noDataVehicles), filters: { serviceStatus: 'no_data' } },
     { label: '身份未绑定', value: formatCount(serviceSummary?.identityRequiredVehicles), filters: { serviceStatus: 'identity_required' } }
   ];
 
@@ -239,6 +242,7 @@ export function Dashboard({ onOpenVehicle, onOpenQuality, onOpenVehicles }: { on
               <Select.Option value="healthy">服务正常</Select.Option>
               <Select.Option value="degraded">部分来源离线</Select.Option>
               <Select.Option value="offline">车辆离线</Select.Option>
+              <Select.Option value="no_data">暂无数据来源</Select.Option>
               <Select.Option value="identity_required">身份未绑定</Select.Option>
             </Form.Select>
             <Space>
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/pages/Vehicles.tsx b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/pages/Vehicles.tsx
index 9ee68fa6..e9e98227 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/pages/Vehicles.tsx
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/pages/Vehicles.tsx
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ export function Vehicles({
       { label: '在线车辆', value: (summary?.onlineVehicles ?? 0).toLocaleString(), filters: { online: 'online' } },
       { label: '单源车辆', value: (summary?.singleSourceVehicles ?? 0).toLocaleString(), filters: { coverage: 'single' } },
       { label: '多源车辆', value: (summary?.multiSourceVehicles ?? 0).toLocaleString(), filters: { coverage: 'multi' } },
+      { label: '暂无来源车辆', value: (summary?.noDataVehicles ?? 0).toLocaleString(), filters: { serviceStatus: 'no_data' } },
       { label: '待绑定', value: (summary?.unboundVehicles ?? 0).toLocaleString(), filters: { bindingStatus: 'unbound' } }
     ];
     return items;
@@ -144,6 +145,7 @@ export function Vehicles({
             <Select.Option value="healthy">服务正常</Select.Option>
             <Select.Option value="degraded">部分来源离线</Select.Option>
             <Select.Option value="offline">车辆离线</Select.Option>
+            <Select.Option value="no_data">暂无数据来源</Select.Option>
             <Select.Option value="identity_required">身份未绑定</Select.Option>
           </Form.Select>
           <Form.Select field="online" label="在线" placeholder="全部" style={{ width: 130 }}>
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/test/App.test.tsx b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/test/App.test.tsx
index 21cd2d00..51afb0c0 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/test/App.test.tsx
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/apps/web/src/test/App.test.tsx
@@ -121,6 +121,8 @@ test('dashboard renders vehicle service summary metrics', async () => {
   expect(screen.getByText('391')).toBeInTheDocument();
   expect(screen.getByText('多源车辆')).toBeInTheDocument();
   expect(screen.getByText('181')).toBeInTheDocument();
+  expect(screen.getByText('暂无来源车辆')).toBeInTheDocument();
+  expect(screen.getByText('461')).toBeInTheDocument();
   expect(screen.getByText('身份未绑定')).toBeInTheDocument();
   expect(fetchMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith('/api/vehicle-service/summary', undefined);
 });
@@ -171,12 +173,12 @@ test('opens vehicle list filtered by service summary KPI', async () => {
 
   render(<App />);
 
-  fireEvent.click(await screen.findByRole('button', { name: /单源车辆/ }));
+  fireEvent.click(await screen.findByRole('button', { name: /暂无来源车辆/ }));
 
   await waitFor(() => {
-    expect(fetchMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.stringContaining('/api/vehicles/coverage?limit=20&offset=0&coverage=single'), undefined);
+    expect(fetchMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.stringContaining('/api/vehicles/coverage?limit=20&offset=0&serviceStatus=no_data'), undefined);
   });
-  expect(window.location.hash).toBe('#/vehicles?coverage=single');
+  expect(window.location.hash).toBe('#/vehicles?serviceStatus=no_data');
 });
 
 test('shows vehicle service result summary on vehicle list filters', async () => {
@@ -261,6 +263,7 @@ test('shows vehicle service result summary on vehicle list filters', async () =>
   expect(screen.getByText('73')).toBeInTheDocument();
   expect(screen.getByText('在线车辆')).toBeInTheDocument();
   expect(screen.getByText('单源车辆')).toBeInTheDocument();
+  expect(screen.getByText('暂无来源车辆')).toBeInTheDocument();
   expect(screen.getByText('待绑定')).toBeInTheDocument();
   expect(screen.getByText('VIN-MULTI-001')).toBeInTheDocument();
   expect(screen.getAllByText('来源证据').length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(1);
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/docs/api-contract.md b/vehicle-data-platform/docs/api-contract.md
index 7d7be3e4..741d740c 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/docs/api-contract.md
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/docs/api-contract.md
@@ -94,6 +94,8 @@ GET /api/vehicles/coverage?keyword=粤AG18312&serviceStatus=degraded&limit=20&of
 
 Returns VIN-level source coverage rows for the vehicle service list. Each row includes the canonical vehicle-level `serviceStatus` so frontend, exports, and external integrations share the same health definition. `serviceStatus` accepts `healthy`, `degraded`, `offline`, and `identity_required`.
 
+Coverage summary also exposes `noDataVehicles`, so UI can show vehicles that exist in identity binding but have no GB32960, JT808, or Yutong MQTT source evidence. `/api/vehicles/coverage?serviceStatus=no_data` returns those bound vehicles for follow-up source onboarding.
+
 ### History Locations
 
 ```http
diff --git a/vehicle-data-platform/docs/product-spec.md b/vehicle-data-platform/docs/product-spec.md
index 03c6dfab..4c25c7ef 100644
--- a/vehicle-data-platform/docs/product-spec.md
+++ b/vehicle-data-platform/docs/product-spec.md
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ Vehicle service lists and dashboard previews should label protocol coverage as `
 
 Dashboard and vehicle-list summary cards should expose both `单源车辆` and `多源车辆`. Single-source vehicles are operationally important because they cannot be cross-checked across sources, so they must be one-click filter targets rather than hidden behind the generic coverage filter.
 
+`暂无来源车辆` is also a first-class governance entry. It represents bound vehicles that have no current GB32960, JT808, or Yutong MQTT source evidence, and should route directly to the `no_data` vehicle service filter.
+
 ## Interaction Rules
 
 - Tables are the default data surface.