feat(gb32960): introduce parser profile registry and rule-based vendor selector

Adds a per-context routing layer for InfoBlock parsers, so different
peers can be routed to different parser sets (e.g. standard GB/T 32960
vs. a vendor extension that adds blocks in the 0x30~0x7F reserved range).

New types in protocol-gb32960:
- Gb32960ParserContext (record): version + vin + platformAccount tuple
- codec/profile/VendorExtensionCatalog: name -> list of vendor parsers
- codec/profile/Gb32960ProfileRegistry: name -> InfoBlockParserRegistry,
  with a default registry built from the standard parsers and one extra
  registry per enabled vendor extension (default + vendor parsers)
- codec/profile/VendorExtensionSelector: interface returning the matching
  extension name (or null) for a given context
- codec/profile/RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector: top-down first-match
  scan over Gb32960Properties.vendorExtensions with a (account,vin)
  cache keyed on case-insensitive normalized form

Gb32960Properties gains a `vendorExtensions` list with per-entry
`name` + `match` (platformAccounts / vins / vinPrefixes). All matching
fields are OR'd within an entry; entries are scanned top-down with
first-match-wins as documented.

Gb32960BodyParser keeps its legacy single-registry constructor for
back-compat (used by existing tests) and adds a new constructor that
takes the profile registry + selector. The parse loop now lives under
parse(Gb32960ParserContext, ByteBuffer); the legacy parse(version,body)
delegates to it with a minimal context (selector returns null -> default).

This commit only introduces the framework. Vendor parsers, autoconfig
wiring, and decoder/handler context plumbing land in follow-ups.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

protocol-gb32960/src/main/java/com/lingniu/ingest/protocol/gb32960/codec/Gb32960BodyParser.java

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec;
 
 import com.lingniu.ingest.api.spi.DecodeException;
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.profile.Gb32960ProfileRegistry;
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.profile.VendorExtensionSelector;
 import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.model.InfoBlock;
 import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.model.InfoBlockType;
 import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.model.ProtocolVersion;
@@ -48,13 +50,42 @@ public final class Gb32960BodyParser {
     /** 2025 版实时上报尾部签名标识（表 9）。 */
     private static final int SIGNATURE_MARKER = 0xFF;
 
-    private final InfoBlockParserRegistry registry;
+    private final Gb32960ProfileRegistry profileRegistry;
+    private final VendorExtensionSelector selector;
 
+    /**
+     * 单 registry 构造（向后兼容旧测试）。等价于 default profile + 无 vendor 扩展。
+     */
     public Gb32960BodyParser(InfoBlockParserRegistry registry) {
-        this.registry = registry;
+        this.profileRegistry = new Gb32960ProfileRegistry(
+                new java.util.ArrayList<>(),  // ignored, defaultRegistry overridden via wrapper below
+                new com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.profile.VendorExtensionCatalog(java.util.Map.of()),
+                java.util.Set.of()) {
+            @Override public InfoBlockParserRegistry forProfile(String name) { return registry; }
+            @Override public InfoBlockParserRegistry defaultRegistry() { return registry; }
+        };
+        this.selector = VendorExtensionSelector.NONE;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 标准构造：profile 注册表 + vendor 选择器。运行期由
+     * {@link Gb32960MessageDecoder} 调用 {@link #parse(Gb32960ParserContext, ByteBuffer)}
+     * 携带上下文，按 selector 路由到具体 profile 的 registry。
+     */
+    public Gb32960BodyParser(Gb32960ProfileRegistry profileRegistry, VendorExtensionSelector selector) {
+        this.profileRegistry = profileRegistry;
+        this.selector = selector;
+    }
+
+    /** 旧入口：无上下文 → 走默认 profile。保留用于不需要 vendor 路由的单测。 */
     public Gb32960MessageDecoder.BodyParseResult parse(ProtocolVersion version, ByteBuffer body) {
+        return parse(Gb32960ParserContext.minimal(version), body);
+    }
+
+    /** 主入口：根据上下文按 selector 选 vendor profile，然后照旧解析循环。 */
+    public Gb32960MessageDecoder.BodyParseResult parse(Gb32960ParserContext ctx, ByteBuffer body) {
+        ProtocolVersion version = ctx.version();
+        InfoBlockParserRegistry registry = profileRegistry.forProfile(selector.select(ctx));
         List<InfoBlock> blocks = new ArrayList<>(8);
         byte[] signature = null;
         // 捕获 info-block 区间的起止位置，用于未知块出现时打 dump 帮助手动定位漂移点。

protocol-gb32960/src/main/java/com/lingniu/ingest/protocol/gb32960/codec/Gb32960ParserContext.java

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec;
+
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.model.ProtocolVersion;
+
+/**
+ * Body parser 调用上下文：携带选 profile 时需要的三元组。
+ *
+ * <p>由 {@link Gb32960MessageDecoder} 在解析帧时构造（vin / version 来自帧字节，
+ * platformAccount 由 handler 通过 channel attribute 传入）。
+ *
+ * @param version         协议版本（来自帧起始符）
+ * @param vin             17 字节 VIN（trim 后），平台登入 0x05 等帧 VIN 全 0 时为空串
+ * @param platformAccount 平台登入用户名；非平台对接场景为 null
+ */
+public record Gb32960ParserContext(ProtocolVersion version, String vin, String platformAccount) {
+
+    /** 占位上下文：版本不可缺，vin/account 允许为 null，便于内部构造和单测。 */
+    public static Gb32960ParserContext minimal(ProtocolVersion version) {
+        return new Gb32960ParserContext(version, null, null);
+    }
+}

protocol-gb32960/src/main/java/com/lingniu/ingest/protocol/gb32960/codec/profile/Gb32960ProfileRegistry.java

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.profile;
+
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.InfoBlockParser;
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.InfoBlockParserRegistry;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * 命名 profile → {@link InfoBlockParserRegistry} 映射。
+ *
+ * <p>构造时接收：
+ * <ul>
+ *   <li>{@code defaultParsers} —— 标准 GB/T 32960 parser 集合（v2016 + v2025）
+ *   <li>{@code catalog} —— vendor 扩展套件目录
+ *   <li>{@code enabledExtensionNames} —— 在配置文件里被引用过的 vendor 套件名集合
+ * </ul>
+ *
+ * 构造内部为 default profile 和每个 enabled 扩展套件分别构建一个 registry：
+ * 套件 registry = default parsers + catalog 里该套件的 parsers。运行期通过
+ * {@link #forProfile(String)} 按名字查找；查不到或传 null 时返回 default。
+ */
+public class Gb32960ProfileRegistry {
+
+    /** 约定的默认 profile 名（不会出现在配置里，仅作为 forProfile(null) 的 fallback 标识）。 */
+    public static final String DEFAULT_PROFILE = "__default__";
+
+    private final InfoBlockParserRegistry defaultRegistry;
+    private final Map<String, InfoBlockParserRegistry> registriesByProfile;
+
+    public Gb32960ProfileRegistry(List<InfoBlockParser> defaultParsers,
+                                  VendorExtensionCatalog catalog,
+                                  Set<String> enabledExtensionNames) {
+        this.defaultRegistry = new InfoBlockParserRegistry(defaultParsers);
+        Map<String, InfoBlockParserRegistry> map = new HashMap<>();
+        for (String name : enabledExtensionNames) {
+            List<InfoBlockParser> vendorParsers = catalog.parsersFor(name);
+            if (vendorParsers.isEmpty()) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException(
+                        "vendor extension '" + name + "' referenced in config but not present in catalog. "
+                                + "Available: " + catalog.names());
+            }
+            List<InfoBlockParser> combined = new ArrayList<>(defaultParsers.size() + vendorParsers.size());
+            combined.addAll(defaultParsers);
+            combined.addAll(vendorParsers);
+            map.put(name, new InfoBlockParserRegistry(combined));
+        }
+        this.registriesByProfile = Map.copyOf(map);
+    }
+
+    /** 按 profile 名取 registry；null 或未注册的名字返回默认 registry。 */
+    public InfoBlockParserRegistry forProfile(String profileName) {
+        if (profileName == null) return defaultRegistry;
+        InfoBlockParserRegistry r = registriesByProfile.get(profileName);
+        return r != null ? r : defaultRegistry;
+    }
+
+    public InfoBlockParserRegistry defaultRegistry() {
+        return defaultRegistry;
+    }
+}

protocol-gb32960/src/main/java/com/lingniu/ingest/protocol/gb32960/codec/profile/RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector.java

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+package com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.profile;
+
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.Gb32960ParserContext;
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.config.Gb32960Properties;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+/**
+ * 配置驱动的 vendor 扩展选择器。按 {@link Gb32960Properties#getVendorExtensions()} 配置的
+ * 顺序自上而下首匹（first-match-wins），命中的 entry 的 {@code name} 即返回值。
+ *
+ * <p>命中字段：{@code platformAccount} / {@code vin} / {@code vinPrefix}（任一命中即整条
+ * entry 命中）。比较为 case-insensitive。
+ *
+ * <p>结果按 {@code (account, vin)} 缓存以避免每帧重复扫描；约定 cache key 不含 version
+ * 因为版本不参与匹配。Cache 用 {@link Optional} 包裹以同时缓存 "no match"。
+ */
+public final class RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector implements VendorExtensionSelector {
+
+    private final List<CompiledRule> rules;
+    private final ConcurrentHashMap<CacheKey, Optional<String>> cache = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    public RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector(List<Gb32960Properties.VendorExtension> entries,
+                                            Set<String> validNames) {
+        List<CompiledRule> compiled = new ArrayList<>(entries.size());
+        for (Gb32960Properties.VendorExtension e : entries) {
+            if (e.getName() == null || e.getName().isBlank()) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("vendor extension entry missing 'name'");
+            }
+            if (!validNames.contains(e.getName())) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException(
+                        "vendor extension '" + e.getName() + "' not registered in catalog. "
+                                + "Available: " + validNames);
+            }
+            compiled.add(CompiledRule.from(e));
+        }
+        this.rules = List.copyOf(compiled);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String select(Gb32960ParserContext ctx) {
+        if (rules.isEmpty()) return null;
+        CacheKey key = new CacheKey(normalize(ctx.platformAccount()), normalize(ctx.vin()));
+        Optional<String> cached = cache.get(key);
+        if (cached != null) return cached.orElse(null);
+        String hit = scan(key);
+        cache.put(key, Optional.ofNullable(hit));
+        return hit;
+    }
+
+    private String scan(CacheKey key) {
+        for (CompiledRule r : rules) {
+            if (r.matches(key.account, key.vin)) return r.name;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static String normalize(String s) {
+        return s == null || s.isEmpty() ? null : s.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
+    }
+
+    /** 暴露给测试和 actuator 端点（如果以后加）。 */
+    public int cacheSize() { return cache.size(); }
+
+    private record CacheKey(String account, String vin) {}
+
+    /** 预编译后的单条规则：所有列表已 normalize 成大写 set。 */
+    private static final class CompiledRule {
+        final String name;
+        final Set<String> accounts;
+        final Set<String> vins;
+        final List<String> vinPrefixes;
+
+        CompiledRule(String name, Set<String> accounts, Set<String> vins, List<String> vinPrefixes) {
+            this.name = name;
+            this.accounts = accounts;
+            this.vins = vins;
+            this.vinPrefixes = vinPrefixes;
+        }
+
+        static CompiledRule from(Gb32960Properties.VendorExtension e) {
+            Gb32960Properties.VendorExtension.Match m = e.getMatch();
+            return new CompiledRule(
+                    e.getName(),
+                    Set.copyOf(toUpper(m.getPlatformAccounts())),
+                    Set.copyOf(toUpper(m.getVins())),
+                    List.copyOf(toUpper(m.getVinPrefixes())));
+        }
+
+        boolean matches(String account, String vin) {
+            if (account != null && accounts.contains(account)) return true;
+            if (vin != null && vins.contains(vin)) return true;
+            if (vin != null) {
+                for (String prefix : vinPrefixes) {
+                    if (vin.startsWith(prefix)) return true;
+                }
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        private static List<String> toUpper(List<String> list) {
+            if (list == null || list.isEmpty()) return List.of();
+            List<String> out = new ArrayList<>(list.size());
+            for (String s : list) {
+                if (s == null || s.isBlank()) continue;
+                out.add(s.trim().toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT));
+            }
+            return out;
+        }
+    }
+}

protocol-gb32960/src/main/java/com/lingniu/ingest/protocol/gb32960/codec/profile/VendorExtensionCatalog.java

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.profile;
+
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.InfoBlockParser;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Vendor 扩展套件目录：从套件名映射到该套件包含的 {@link InfoBlockParser} 列表。
+ *
+ * <p>Catalog 在启动时由 {@code Gb32960AutoConfiguration} 一次性构建并注入到
+ * {@link Gb32960ProfileRegistry}，运行期不可变。每个 entry 代表一个**已实现的**厂商扩展
+ * 协议（如广东燃料电池汽车示范规范），其 parser 集合会在选中时**追加**到默认标准 parser
+ * 集合之上，组成完整的 profile registry。
+ *
+ * <p>当前内置 key：
+ * <ul>
+ *   <li>{@code guangdong-fc} —— 广东燃料电池汽车示范规范 0x30~0x34、0x80
+ * </ul>
+ */
+public final class VendorExtensionCatalog {
+
+    private final Map<String, List<InfoBlockParser>> extensions;
+
+    public VendorExtensionCatalog(Map<String, List<InfoBlockParser>> extensions) {
+        this.extensions = Map.copyOf(extensions);
+    }
+
+    /** 已注册的全部 vendor 扩展名集合。 */
+    public java.util.Set<String> names() {
+        return extensions.keySet();
+    }
+
+    /** 取指定 vendor 扩展套件的 parser 列表；不存在返回空列表。 */
+    public List<InfoBlockParser> parsersFor(String name) {
+        List<InfoBlockParser> list = extensions.get(name);
+        return list == null ? Collections.emptyList() : list;
+    }
+}

protocol-gb32960/src/main/java/com/lingniu/ingest/protocol/gb32960/codec/profile/VendorExtensionSelector.java

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.profile;
+
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.Gb32960ParserContext;
+
+/**
+ * 给定上下文返回应用的 vendor 扩展套件名（{@code null} 表示走默认 profile）。
+ *
+ * <p>实现需要线程安全且 O(1) 期望复杂度（建议内部缓存）。
+ */
+public interface VendorExtensionSelector {
+
+    /**
+     * @return 命中的扩展套件名（与 {@code Gb32960ProfileRegistry} 注册名一致），
+     *         未命中返回 {@code null}。
+     */
+    String select(Gb32960ParserContext ctx);
+
+    /** 永远返回 null 的实现，用于不启用任何 vendor 扩展的默认场景。 */
+    VendorExtensionSelector NONE = ctx -> null;
+}

protocol-gb32960/src/main/java/com/lingniu/ingest/protocol/gb32960/config/Gb32960Properties.java

@@ -26,6 +26,22 @@ public class Gb32960Properties {
     /** TLS 双向认证。 */
     private Tls tls = new Tls();
 
+    /**
+     * 厂商扩展协议（vendor extensions）路由配置。
+     *
+     * <p>每个 entry 声明一个**已被实现**的 vendor 扩展套件名（{@code name}）以及该套件
+     * 的命中规则（{@link VendorExtension.Match}）。命中规则由
+     * {@code RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector} 在收到帧时按上下文（platformAccount /
+     * vin / vin-prefix）逐条按 list 顺序首匹，命中后用对应套件的 parser 集合替换默认的
+     * 标准解析器集合（仍包含 0x01..0x09 标准块）。
+     *
+     * <p>套件名必须与 {@code VendorExtensionCatalog} 里注册的 key 一致；
+     * 当前内置：{@code guangdong-fc}（广东燃料电池汽车示范规范 0x30~0x34 + 0x80）。
+     *
+     * <p>未匹配任何规则时回退到默认 profile，仅保留 GB/T 32960 标准块。
+     */
+    private List<VendorExtension> vendorExtensions = new ArrayList<>();
+
     public boolean isEnabled() { return enabled; }
     public void setEnabled(boolean enabled) { this.enabled = enabled; }
     public int getPort() { return port; }
@@ -38,6 +54,10 @@ public class Gb32960Properties {
     public void setAuth(Auth auth) { this.auth = auth; }
     public Tls getTls() { return tls; }
     public void setTls(Tls tls) { this.tls = tls; }
+    public List<VendorExtension> getVendorExtensions() { return vendorExtensions; }
+    public void setVendorExtensions(List<VendorExtension> vendorExtensions) {
+        this.vendorExtensions = vendorExtensions;
+    }
 
     /**
      * VIN 白名单认证。
@@ -143,4 +163,42 @@ public class Gb32960Properties {
         public boolean isRequireClientAuth() { return requireClientAuth; }
         public void setRequireClientAuth(boolean requireClientAuth) { this.requireClientAuth = requireClientAuth; }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * 单条 vendor 扩展路由配置。{@code name} 必须与
+     * {@code VendorExtensionCatalog} 注册的 key 一致。
+     */
+    public static class VendorExtension {
+        /** 扩展套件名，必须在 catalog 中已注册（如 {@code guangdong-fc}）。 */
+        private String name;
+        /** 命中规则。任一字段命中即视为整条 entry 命中。 */
+        private Match match = new Match();
+
+        public String getName() { return name; }
+        public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
+        public Match getMatch() { return match; }
+        public void setMatch(Match match) { this.match = match; }
+
+        /**
+         * 命中规则。所有字段为 OR 关系：任意一个命中即匹配。
+         * 字段内部为 case-insensitive 比较；字段为空 list 视为不参与匹配（不会主动命中）。
+         */
+        public static class Match {
+            /** 平台登入用户名精确匹配列表（来自 0x05 PlatformLogin 的 username 字段）。 */
+            private List<String> platformAccounts = new ArrayList<>();
+            /** VIN 精确匹配列表。 */
+            private List<String> vins = new ArrayList<>();
+            /** VIN 前缀匹配列表（startsWith）。 */
+            private List<String> vinPrefixes = new ArrayList<>();
+
+            public List<String> getPlatformAccounts() { return platformAccounts; }
+            public void setPlatformAccounts(List<String> platformAccounts) {
+                this.platformAccounts = platformAccounts;
+            }
+            public List<String> getVins() { return vins; }
+            public void setVins(List<String> vins) { this.vins = vins; }
+            public List<String> getVinPrefixes() { return vinPrefixes; }
+            public void setVinPrefixes(List<String> vinPrefixes) { this.vinPrefixes = vinPrefixes; }
+        }
+    }
 }

protocol-gb32960/src/test/java/com/lingniu/ingest/protocol/gb32960/codec/profile/RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelectorTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+package com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.profile;
+
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.codec.Gb32960ParserContext;
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.config.Gb32960Properties;
+import com.lingniu.ingest.protocol.gb32960.model.ProtocolVersion;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatThrownBy;
+
+class RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelectorTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void platformAccountMatchHits() {
+        var ext = entry("guangdong-fc", List.of("lingniu"), List.of(), List.of());
+        var selector = new RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector(List.of(ext), Set.of("guangdong-fc"));
+        var ctx = new Gb32960ParserContext(ProtocolVersion.V2016, "LNV1234567890ABCD", "lingniu");
+        assertThat(selector.select(ctx)).isEqualTo("guangdong-fc");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void vinExactMatchHits() {
+        var ext = entry("guangdong-fc", List.of(), List.of("LNV1234567890ABCD"), List.of());
+        var selector = new RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector(List.of(ext), Set.of("guangdong-fc"));
+        var ctx = new Gb32960ParserContext(ProtocolVersion.V2016, "lnv1234567890abcd", null);
+        assertThat(selector.select(ctx))
+                .as("VIN match should be case-insensitive")
+                .isEqualTo("guangdong-fc");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void vinPrefixMatchHits() {
+        var ext = entry("guangdong-fc", List.of(), List.of(), List.of("LNVFC", "LZG"));
+        var selector = new RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector(List.of(ext), Set.of("guangdong-fc"));
+        var ctx = new Gb32960ParserContext(ProtocolVersion.V2016, "LNVFC0001", null);
+        assertThat(selector.select(ctx)).isEqualTo("guangdong-fc");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void noMatchReturnsNull() {
+        var ext = entry("guangdong-fc", List.of("other"), List.of(), List.of());
+        var selector = new RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector(List.of(ext), Set.of("guangdong-fc"));
+        var ctx = new Gb32960ParserContext(ProtocolVersion.V2016, "ZZZ", "lingniu");
+        assertThat(selector.select(ctx)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void firstMatchWinsTopDown() {
+        var first = entry("guangdong-fc", List.of("lingniu"), List.of(), List.of());
+        var second = entry("guangdong-fc", List.of(), List.of(), List.of("LNV"));
+        var selector = new RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector(
+                List.of(first, second), Set.of("guangdong-fc"));
+        // 即便两条都能命中，应返回第一条匹配 entry 的 name（这里凑巧一样）
+        var ctx = new Gb32960ParserContext(ProtocolVersion.V2016, "LNV1", "lingniu");
+        assertThat(selector.select(ctx)).isEqualTo("guangdong-fc");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void emptyConfigReturnsNullWithoutScanning() {
+        var selector = new RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector(List.of(), Set.of("guangdong-fc"));
+        var ctx = new Gb32960ParserContext(ProtocolVersion.V2016, "ANY", "ANY");
+        assertThat(selector.select(ctx)).isNull();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void unknownExtensionNameRejectedAtConstruction() {
+        var ext = entry("not-in-catalog", List.of("x"), List.of(), List.of());
+        assertThatThrownBy(() ->
+                new RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector(List.of(ext), Set.of("guangdong-fc")))
+                .isInstanceOf(IllegalStateException.class)
+                .hasMessageContaining("not-in-catalog");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void resultIsCachedPerAccountVinTuple() {
+        var ext = entry("guangdong-fc", List.of("lingniu"), List.of(), List.of());
+        var selector = new RuleBasedVendorExtensionSelector(List.of(ext), Set.of("guangdong-fc"));
+        var ctx1 = new Gb32960ParserContext(ProtocolVersion.V2016, "VIN1", "lingniu");
+        var ctx2 = new Gb32960ParserContext(ProtocolVersion.V2016, "VIN1", "lingniu");
+        selector.select(ctx1);
+        selector.select(ctx2);
+        // 同一个 (account, vin) 应只产生一个 cache 条目
+        assertThat(selector.cacheSize()).isEqualTo(1);
+
+        var ctx3 = new Gb32960ParserContext(ProtocolVersion.V2016, "VIN2", "lingniu");
+        selector.select(ctx3);
+        assertThat(selector.cacheSize()).isEqualTo(2);
+    }
+
+    private static Gb32960Properties.VendorExtension entry(String name,
+                                                           List<String> accounts,
+                                                           List<String> vins,
+                                                           List<String> vinPrefixes) {
+        var e = new Gb32960Properties.VendorExtension();
+        e.setName(name);
+        var m = new Gb32960Properties.VendorExtension.Match();
+        m.setPlatformAccounts(accounts);
+        m.setVins(vins);
+        m.setVinPrefixes(vinPrefixes);
+        e.setMatch(m);
+        return e;
+    }
+}